To determine the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome (BOS) and Burnout Process (BOP), as well as the possible factors associated with their appearance in healthcare professionals in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in Spain.
DesignMulticenter, observational, cross-sectional study using an electronic questionnaire. Factors independently associated with BOS and BOP were determined by multiple logistic regression.
ScopeICU in Spain.
Patients or participantsICU healthcare professionals.
Variables of interestPrevalence of suffering Burnout Syndrome (BOS) and of developing the Burnout Process (BOP), as well as factors associated with this prevalence.
Results1490 participants: physicians 15% (228), nurses 62% (925) and auxiliary nurses 23% (337). Prevalence of BOS 30% (447/1490): 32% in physicians (74/232), 32% in nurses (296/925) and 25% (84/337) in auxiliary nurses. The prevalence of having BOS or BOP was 66% (984/1490): 69% in physicians (157/228), 69% in nurses (638/925) and 53% (179/337) in NA o HCA. 23% (343/1490) had only one high dimension, 22% (328/1490) two dimensions and 20% (298/1490) all three dimensions of the BOS. Younger age (OR 0.97 CI 0.95−0.99), female gender (OR 1.38 CI 1.04–1.84), being a medical or nursing professional (OR 1.46 CI 1.09–1.96), professional experience (OR 1.04 CI 1.01–1.06), working in non-surgical units (OR 1.64 CI 1.14–2.37) and higher hospital complexity (OR 1.91 CI 1.48–2.44) were associated with BOS and BOP. An unfavourable physician-to-patient ratio (>1/10) during shifts (OR 2.20, CI 1.13–4.30), and childlessness (OR 0.55, CI 0.30–0.99), were factors associated with BOS and BOP among physicians and auxiliary nurses, respectively.
ConclusionsThe prevalence of BOS and BOP among ICU healthcare professionals in Spain was high. Sociodemographic, occupational, and organizational factors were identified as significant contributors to both BOS and BOP.
Determinar la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout (SBO) y del proceso de burnout (PBO), así como los posibles factores asociados a su aparición en profesionales sanitarios de Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) en España.
DiseñoEstudio multicéntrico, observacional y transversal mediante cuestionario electrónico. Los factores asociados de forma independiente con el SBO y el PBO se determinaron mediante regresión logística múltiple.
ÁmbitoUCI en España.
Pacientes o participantesProfesionales sanitarios de UCI.
Variables de interésPrevalencia de padecer el síndrome de burnout (SBO) y de desarrollar el proceso de burnout (PBO), así como los factores asociados.
Resultados1.490 participantes: médicos 15% (228), enfermeras 62% (925) y auxiliares de enfermería 23% (337). Prevalencia de SBO: 30% (447/1490): 32% en médicos (74/232), 32% en enfermeras (296/925) y 25% (84/337) en auxiliares de enfermería. La prevalencia de SBO o PBO fue del 66% (984/1.490): 69% en médicos (157/228), 69% en enfermeras (638/925) y 53% (179/337) en auxiliares de enfermería. El 23% (343/1.490) presentó solo una dimensión alta, el 22% (328/1.490) dos dimensiones y el 20% (298/1.490) las tres dimensiones del SBO. Menor edad (OR 0,97 IC 0,95-0,99), sexo femenino (OR 1,38 IC 1,04-1,84), profesional médico o de enfermería (OR 1,46 IC 1,09-1,96), experiencia profesional (OR 1,04 IC 1,01-1,06), trabajo en unidades no quirúrgicas (OR 1,64 IC 1,14-2,37) y mayor complejidad hospitalaria (OR 1,91 IC 1,48-2,44) se asociaron con SBO y PBO. Una ratio médico-paciente desfavorable (> 1/10) durante las guardias (OR 2,20, IC 1,13-4,30) y el no tener hijos (OR 0,55, IC 0,30-0,99) fueron factores asociados con SBO y PBO entre médicos y auxiliares de enfermería, respectivamente.
ConclusionesLa prevalencia de SBO y PBO entre los profesionales sanitarios de UCI en España fue alta. Se identificaron factores sociodemográficos, laborales y organizativos como contribuyentes significativos tanto al SBO como al PBO.
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