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Puesta al día en medicina intensiva: cuidados intensivos pediátricos
Available online 23 June 2026

Toma compartida de decisiones en cuidados intensivos pediátricos

Shared decisions in pediatric critical care
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Francisco José Cambra Lasaosaa, Irene Amores Hernándezb, Belén Calderón Llopisc, Antonio Rodríguez Núñezc,
Corresponding author
antonio.rodriguez.nunez@sergas.es

Autor para correspondencia.
a Servicio de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, España
b Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, Hospital Infantil La Paz, Madrid, España
c Sección de Pediatría Crítica, Cuidados Intermedios y Paliativos Pediátricos, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, España
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Resumen

En cuidados intensivos pediátricos, la toma de decisiones compartida con la familia y otros profesionales no es sencilla y puede dar lugar a conflictos éticos, en especial en los niños con procesos crónicos y de final de la vida. Los profesionales debemos ser conscientes de estas dificultades, y utilizar los recursos formativos y comunicativos adecuados para planificar la atención y atender a los menores guiados por su mejor interés. En la toma de decisiones se debe balancear los aspectos científico / técnicos como indicaciones, opciones alternativas y pronóstico, con los objetivos del tratamiento y la proporcionalidad de las medidas terapéuticas, considerando la incertidumbre pronóstica y la valoración integral, física, psicoemocional, social y espiritual del niño y su familia. Siempre que sea posible, deben consensuarse planes anticipados de cuidados, que manifiesten el proceso de información y comunicación realizados, los acuerdos alcanzados y establezcan las pautas a seguir por los profesionales implicados.

Palabras clave:
Ética asistencial
Toma de decisiones
Comunicación
Proporcionalidad terapéutica
Pediatría
Menor maduro
Clima ético
Calidad de vida
Planificación anticipada de la atención
Abstract

Shared decisions in pediatric critical care, either with family and/or other professionals, is not an easy task and may lead to ethical conflicts, especially in chronic complex children and at the end-of-life care. As professionals we must be aware of such difficulties and apply the adequate training and communicative skills in order to have a plan of care that takes into account the best interest of minors. During the decision making process technical-scientifical aspects, indications, alternatives and expected outcomes have to be balanced considering the treatments’ goals as well as the proportionality of therapies. Prognostic uncertainty, integral physical, psycho-emotional, social and spiritual nuances of the child and his/her family must be considered. Whenever possible, anticipated care plans should be consensus-based. Those plans must state the information and communication process, the agreements reached and indicate the path to be followed by the involved professionals.

Keywords:
Clinical ethics
Decision making
Communication
Therapeutic proportionality
Pediatrics
Mature minor
Ethical climate
Quality of life
Anticipated care plans

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