Elsevier

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery

Volume 64, Issue 5, November 1997, Pages 1466-1468
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery

Blunt Cardiac Trauma: Atrioventricular Valve Disruption and Ventricular Septal Defect

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4975(97)00843-6Get rights and content

Nonpenetrating cardiac trauma resulting in cardiac chamber or valvar rupture is uncommon, requiring a high degree of suspicion for diagnosis. A case involving avulsion of the tricuspid and mitral papillary muscles with resultant interventricular septal rupture is reported. This case illustrates the importance of transesophageal echocardiography in the rapid diagnosis of blunt cardiac trauma. Surgical treatment of this condition is also discussed.

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Nonpenetrating cardiac trauma may result from one or a combination of several forces applied to the body: (1) direct, (2) indirect, (3) bidirectional or compressive, (4) decelerative, (5) blast, (6) concussive, and (7) combined. Indirect forces resulting in elevation of intravascular hydrostatic forces may produce cardiac chamber or valve rupture. The incidence of nonpenetrating cardiac trauma has been reported as low as 0.1% in an autopsy series reported by Parmley and associates [1], but

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