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Vol. 48. Issue 2.
Pages 69-76 (February 2024)
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Vol. 48. Issue 2.
Pages 69-76 (February 2024)
Original article
Family burden after critical illness: the forgotten caregivers
La sobrecarga familiar tras una enfermedad crítica: los cuidadores olvidados
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Julia Tejero-Arangurena,
Corresponding author
juliatejero@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Raimundo García del Morala,b, M. Eugenia Poyatos-Aguilerab, Manuel Colmenerob,c
a POD Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
b Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
c Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Ibs. Granada, Spain
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Figures (1)
Tables (4)
Table 1. Characteristics of patients admitted to the ICU.
Table 2. Characteristics of caregivers/family members.
Table 3. Evaluation of patients at follow-up consultation (3 months).
Table 4. Univariate analysis of patient factors related to the development of family-PICS - defined by the Zarit score.
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Abstract
Objective

To determine the incidence of primary caregiver burden in a cohort of family members of critically ill patients admitted to ICU and to identify risk factors related to its development in both the patient and the family member.

Design

Prospective observational cohort study was conducted for 24 months.

Setting

Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada.

Patients

The sample was the primary caregivers of all patients with risk factors for development of PICS (Post-Intensive Care Syndrome).

Interventions

The follow-up protocol consisted of evaluation 3 months after discharge from the ICU in a specific consultation.

Main variables of interest

The scales used in patients were Barthel, SF-12, HADS, Pfeiffer, IES-6 and in relatives the Apgar and Zarit.

Results

A total of 93 patients and caregivers were included in the follow-up. 15 relatives did not complete the follow-up questionnaires and were excluded from the study. The incidence of PICS-F (Family Post Intensive Care Syndrome) defined by the presence of primary caregiver burden in our cohort of patients is 34.6% (n=27), 95% CI 25.0−45.7. The risk factors for the development of caregiver burden are the presence of physical impairment, anxiety or post-traumatic stress in the patient, with no relationship found with the characteristics studied in the family member.

Conclusions

One out of 3 relatives of patients with risk factors for the development of PICS presents at 3 months caregiver burden. This is related to factors dependent on the patient's state of health.

Keywords:
Caregivers
Post-intensive care syndrome
Burden caregivers
Intensive care outcomes
Long-term critical illness
Post-intensive care syndrome in families
Resumen
Objetivo

Determinar la incidencia de la sobrecarga del cuidador principal en una cohorte de familiares de pacientes críticos ingresados en UCI e identificar los factores de riesgo relacionados con su desarrollo tanto en el paciente como en el familiar.

Diseño

Estudio de cohortes observacional prospectivo durante 24 meses.

Ámbito

Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio de Granada.

Pacientes

La muestra estuvo compuesta por los cuidadores principales de todos los pacientes con factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de SPCI (Síndrome Post-Cuidados Intensivos).

Intervenciones

El protocolo de seguimiento consistió en la evaluación a los 3 meses del alta de la UCI en una consulta específica.

Variables de interés principales

Las escalas utilizadas fueron Barthel, SF-12, HADS, Pfeiffer, IES-6, Apgar y Zarit.

Resultados

Un total de 93 pacientes y cuidadores fueron incluidos en el seguimiento. 15 cuidadores no completaron los cuestionarios de seguimiento y fueron excluidos del estudio. La incidencia de PICS-F (Síndrome Post-Cuidados Intensivos Familiar) definido por la presencia de sobrecarga del cuidador en nuestra cohorte es del 34,6% (n=27), IC 95% 25,0–45,7. Los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo del mismo son la presencia de deterioro físico, ansiedad o estrés postraumático en el paciente, no encontrándose relación con las características estudiadas en el familiar.

Conclusiones

Uno de cada 3 familiares de pacientes con factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de SPCI presenta a los 3 meses sobrecarga del cuidador, relacionándose con factores dependientes del estado de salud del paciente.

Palabras clave:
Cuidadores
Síndrome post-cuidados intensivos
Sobrecarga cuidadores
Resultados cuidados intensivos
Enfermedad crítica de larga duración
Síndrome post-cuidados intensivos en familiares

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