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Vol. 47. Issue 11.
Pages 658-667 (November 2023)
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Vol. 47. Issue 11.
Pages 658-667 (November 2023)
Update in intensive care medicine: ultrasound in the critically ill patient. Clinical applications
Abdominal ultrasound and VExUS score in critical care
Ecografía abdominal básica en medicina intensiva y VExUS score
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Laura Galarza Barrachinaa,
Corresponding author
galarza_lau@gva.es

Corresponding author.
, Laura Colinas Fernándezb, Rafael Martín Bermúdezc, Adela Fernández Galilead, Luis Martín-Villénc
a Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
b Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
c UGC Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
d Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
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Abstract

The use of ultrasound while caring for critically ill patients has been increasing exponentially in the last two decades and now is an essential component of intensive care practice. Abdominal ultrasound is an established technique in other specialties, but its use in intensive care has lagged behind other ultrasound modalities. However, its potential role in the diagnosis and management of patients will make it an invaluable tool for intensivists.

The main use of abdominal ultrasound at the bedside is for free fluid detection in trauma patients. But abdominal ultrasound can also help us diagnose patients with abdominal pain, hypovolemia or anuria, and it can guide us during procedures such as paracentesis or bladder catheter and gastric tube placement.

Keywords:
Abdominal ultrasound
Free fluid
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
Hydronephrosis
VExUS
Resumen

El uso de la ecografía en las unidades de críticos se ha extendido de forma exponencial en las últimas dos décadas y se ha convertido en una parte esencial de nuestra práctica clínica. La ecografía abdominal es una técnica ampliamente establecida en otras especialidades, pero su uso en cuidados intensivos ha quedado rezagado respecto a otras modalidades de ecografía. Sin embargo, su potencial papel en el diagnóstico y manejo de los pacientes lo convertirá en una herramienta invaluable para los intensivistas.

El uso más extendido de la ecografía abdominal a pie de cama es para la valoración de la presencia de líquido libre en el paciente traumático. No obstante, la ecografía abdominal también puede ayudarnos a diagnosticar pacientes con dolor abdominal, hipovolemia o anuria, y puede guiarnos en procedimientos como la paracentesis o el sondaje vesical o gástrico.

Palabras clave:
Ecografía abdominal
Líquido libre
Aneurisma de aorta abdominal
Hidronefrosis
VExUS

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